Galatia 1:11

Paul’s Vindication of His Apostleship

1:11 Now ¹  I want you to know, brothers and sisters, ²  that the gospel I preached is not of human origin. ³ 

Galatia 2:10

2:10 They requested ⁴  only that we remember the poor, the very thing I also was eager to do.

Galatia 3:7

3:7 so then, understand ⁵  that those who believe are the sons of Abraham. ⁶ 

Galatia 3:26

3:26 For in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God through faith. ⁷ 

Galatia 4:5

4:5 to redeem those who were under the law, so that we may be adopted as sons with full rights. ⁸ 

Galatia 5:2-3

5:2 Listen! I, Paul, tell you that if you let yourselves be circumcised, Christ will be of no benefit to you at all! 5:3 And I testify again to every man who lets himself be circumcised that he is obligated to obey ⁹  the whole law.

Galatia 6:17

6:17 From now on let no one cause me trouble, for I bear the marks of Jesus on my body. ¹⁰ 

[1:11]  ¹ tc ‡ The conjunction δέ (de) is found in Ì⁴⁶ א*^,2 A D¹ Ψ 1739 1881 Ï sy bo, while γάρ (gar) is the conjunction of choice in א¹ B D*^,c F G 33 pc lat sa. There are thus good representatives on each side. Scribes generally tended to prefer γάρ in such instances, most likely because it was more forceful and explicit. γάρ is thus seen as a motivated reading. For this reason, δέ is preferred.

[1:11]  ² tn Grk “brothers,” but the Greek word may be used for “brothers and sisters” or “fellow Christians” as here (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 1, where considerable nonbiblical evidence for the plural ἀδελφοί [adelfoi] meaning “brothers and sisters” is cited).

[1:11]  ³ tn Grk “is not according to man.”

[2:10]  ⁴ tn Grk “only that we remember the poor”; the words “They requested” have been supplied from the context to make a complete English sentence.

[3:7]  ⁵ tn Grk “know.”

[3:7]  ⁶ tn The phrase “sons of Abraham” is used here in a figurative sense to describe people who are connected to a personality, Abraham, by close nonmaterial ties. It is this personality that has defined the relationship and its characteristics (BDAG 1024-25 s.v. υἱός 2.c.α).

[3:26]  ⁷ tn Or “For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus.”

[4:5]  ⁸ tn The Greek term υἱοθεσία (Juioqesia) was originally a legal technical term for adoption as a son with full rights of inheritance. BDAG 1024 s.v. notes, “a legal t.t. of ‘adoption’ of children, in our lit., i.e. in Paul, only in a transferred sense of a transcendent filial relationship between God and humans (with the legal aspect, not gender specificity, as major semantic component).” Although some modern translations remove the filial sense completely and render the term merely “adoption” (cf. NAB), the retention of this component of meaning was accomplished in the present translation by the phrase “as sons.”

[5:3]  ⁹ tn Or “keep”; or “carry out”; Grk “do.”

[6:17]  ¹⁰ tn Paul is probably referring to scars from wounds received in the service of Jesus, although the term στίγμα (stigma) may imply ownership and suggest these scars served as brands (L&N 8.55; 33.481; 90.84).